/* * tik.c * * Copyright (c) 2019-2020, shchmue. * Copyright (c) 2020-2024, DarkMatterCore . * * This file is part of nxdumptool (https://github.com/DarkMatterCore/nxdumptool). * * nxdumptool is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * nxdumptool is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see . */ #include "nxdt_utils.h" #include "nca.h" #include "cert.h" #include "save.h" #include "es.h" #include "keys.h" #include "gamecard.h" #include "mem.h" #include "aes.h" #include "rsa.h" #define TIK_COMMON_SAVEFILE_PATH BIS_SYSTEM_PARTITION_MOUNT_NAME "/save/80000000000000e1" #define TIK_PERSONALIZED_SAVEFILE_PATH BIS_SYSTEM_PARTITION_MOUNT_NAME "/save/80000000000000e2" #define TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH "/ticket_list.bin" #define TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH "/ticket.bin" #define TIK_COMMON_CERT_NAME "XS00000020" #define TIK_DEV_CERT_ISSUER "CA00000004" /* Type definitions. */ /// Used to parse ticket_list.bin entries. typedef struct { FsRightsId rights_id; u64 ticket_id; u32 account_id; u8 reserved[0x04]; } TikListEntry; NXDT_ASSERT(TikListEntry, 0x20); /// 9.x+ CTR key entry in ES .data segment. Used to store CTR key/IV data for encrypted volatile tickets in ticket.bin and/or encrypted entries in ticket_list.bin. /// This is always stored in pairs. The first entry holds the key/IV for the encrypted volatile ticket, while the second entry holds the key/IV for the encrypted entry in ticket_list.bin. /// First index in this list is always 0. typedef struct { u32 idx; ///< Entry index. u8 key[AES_128_KEY_SIZE]; ///< AES-128-CTR key. u8 ctr[AES_128_KEY_SIZE]; ///< AES-128-CTR counter/IV. Always zeroed out. } TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x; NXDT_ASSERT(TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x, 0x24); /// Lookup pattern for TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x. typedef struct { u32 idx1; ///< Always set to 0 (first entry). u8 ctrdata[AES_128_KEY_SIZE * 2]; u32 idx2; ///< Always set to 1 (second entry). } TikEsCtrKeyPattern9x; NXDT_ASSERT(TikEsCtrKeyPattern9x, 0x28); /* Global variables. */ static Mutex g_esTikSaveMutex = 0; #if LOG_LEVEL <= LOG_LEVEL_ERROR static const char *g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[] = { [TikTitleKeyType_Common] = "common", [TikTitleKeyType_Personalized] = "personalized" }; #endif static MemoryLocation g_esMemoryLocation = { .program_id = ES_SYSMODULE_TID, .mask = 0, .data = NULL, .data_size = 0 }; /* Function prototypes. */ static bool tikRetrieveTicketFromGameCardByRightsId(Ticket *dst, const FsRightsId *id); static bool tikRetrieveTicketFromEsSaveDataByRightsId(Ticket *dst, const FsRightsId *id); static bool tikFixTamperedCommonTicket(Ticket *tik); static bool tikVerifyRsa2048Sha256Signature(const TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block, u64 hash_area_size, const u8 *signature); static bool tikGetEncryptedTitleKey(Ticket *tik); static bool tikGetDecryptedTitleKey(void *dst, const void *src, u8 key_generation); static bool tikGetTitleKeyTypeFromRightsId(const FsRightsId *id, u8 *out); static bool tikRetrieveRightsIdsByTitleKeyType(FsRightsId **out, u32 *out_count, bool personalized); static bool tikGetTicketEntryOffsetFromTicketList(save_ctx_t *save_ctx, u8 *buf, u64 buf_size, const FsRightsId *id, u8 titlekey_type, u64 *out_offset); static bool tikRetrieveTicketEntryFromTicketBin(save_ctx_t *save_ctx, u8 *buf, u64 buf_size, const FsRightsId *id, u8 titlekey_type, u64 ticket_offset); static bool tikDecryptVolatileTicket(u8 *buf, u64 ticket_offset); static bool tikGetTicketTypeAndSize(void *data, u64 data_size, u8 *out_type, u64 *out_size); bool tikRetrieveTicketByRightsId(Ticket *dst, const FsRightsId *id, u8 key_generation, bool use_gamecard) { if (!dst || !id || key_generation > NcaKeyGeneration_Max) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; bool success = false, tik_retrieved = false; LOG_DATA_INFO(id->c, sizeof(id->c), "Input rights ID:"); /* Check if this ticket has already been retrieved. */ tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromTicket(dst); if (tik_common_block && !memcmp(tik_common_block->rights_id.c, id->c, sizeof(id->c))) { success = true; goto end; } /* Clear output ticket. */ memset(dst, 0, sizeof(Ticket)); /* Validate the key generation field within the rights ID. */ u8 key_gen_rid = id->c[0xF]; bool old_key_gen = (key_generation < NcaKeyGeneration_Since301NUP); if ((old_key_gen && key_gen_rid) || (!old_key_gen && key_gen_rid != key_generation)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid rights ID key generation! Got 0x%02X, expected 0x%02X.", key_gen_rid, old_key_gen ? 0 : key_generation); goto end; } /* Update key generation field. */ dst->key_generation = key_generation; /* Retrieve ticket data. */ if (use_gamecard) { tik_retrieved = tikRetrieveTicketFromGameCardByRightsId(dst, id); } else { SCOPED_LOCK(&g_esTikSaveMutex) tik_retrieved = tikRetrieveTicketFromEsSaveDataByRightsId(dst, id); } if (!tik_retrieved) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve ticket data!"); goto end; } /* Fix tampered common ticket, if needed. */ if (!tikFixTamperedCommonTicket(dst)) goto end; /* Get encrypted titlekey. */ if (!tikGetEncryptedTitleKey(dst)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve encrypted titlekey from ticket!"); goto end; } /* Get decrypted titlekey. */ if (!(success = tikGetDecryptedTitleKey(dst->dec_titlekey, dst->enc_titlekey, dst->key_generation))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to decrypt titlekey!"); goto end; } /* Generate hex strings. */ tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(dst->data); utilsGenerateHexString(dst->enc_titlekey_str, sizeof(dst->enc_titlekey_str), dst->enc_titlekey, sizeof(dst->enc_titlekey), false); utilsGenerateHexString(dst->dec_titlekey_str, sizeof(dst->dec_titlekey_str), dst->dec_titlekey, sizeof(dst->dec_titlekey), false); utilsGenerateHexString(dst->rights_id_str, sizeof(dst->rights_id_str), tik_common_block->rights_id.c, sizeof(tik_common_block->rights_id.c), false); end: return success; } bool tikConvertPersonalizedTicketToCommonTicket(Ticket *tik, u8 **out_raw_cert_chain, u64 *out_raw_cert_chain_size) { TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; u32 sig_type = 0; u8 *signature = NULL; u64 signature_size = 0; bool dev_cert = false; char cert_chain_issuer[0x40] = {0}; u8 *raw_cert_chain = NULL; u64 raw_cert_chain_size = 0; if (!(tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromTicket(tik)) || tik_common_block->titlekey_type != TikTitleKeyType_Personalized || \ (!out_raw_cert_chain && out_raw_cert_chain_size) || (out_raw_cert_chain && !out_raw_cert_chain_size)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } /* Generate raw certificate chain for the new signature issuer (common). */ dev_cert = (strstr(tik_common_block->issuer, TIK_DEV_CERT_ISSUER) != NULL); sprintf(cert_chain_issuer, "Root-CA%08X-%s", dev_cert ? 4 : 3, TIK_COMMON_CERT_NAME); raw_cert_chain = certGenerateRawCertificateChainBySignatureIssuer(cert_chain_issuer, &raw_cert_chain_size); if (!raw_cert_chain) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to generate raw certificate chain for common ticket signature issuer!"); return false; } /* Wipe signature. */ sig_type = signatureGetTypeFromSignedBlob(tik->data, false); signature = signatureGetSigFromSignedBlob(tik->data); signature_size = signatureGetSigSizeByType(sig_type); memset(signature, 0xFF, signature_size); /* Change signature issuer. */ memset(tik_common_block->issuer, 0, sizeof(tik_common_block->issuer)); sprintf(tik_common_block->issuer, "%s", cert_chain_issuer); /* Wipe the titlekey block and copy the encrypted titlekey to it. */ memset(tik_common_block->titlekey_block, 0, sizeof(tik_common_block->titlekey_block)); memcpy(tik_common_block->titlekey_block, tik->enc_titlekey, sizeof(tik->enc_titlekey)); /* Update ticket size. */ tik->size = (signatureGetBlockSizeByType(sig_type) + sizeof(TikCommonBlock)); /* Update the rest of the ticket fields. */ tik_common_block->titlekey_type = TikTitleKeyType_Common; tik_common_block->license_type = TikLicenseType_Permanent; tik_common_block->property_mask = TikPropertyMask_None; tik_common_block->ticket_id = 0; tik_common_block->device_id = 0; tik_common_block->account_id = 0; tik_common_block->sect_total_size = 0; tik_common_block->sect_hdr_offset = (u32)tik->size; tik_common_block->sect_hdr_count = 0; tik_common_block->sect_hdr_entry_size = 0; memset(tik->data + tik->size, 0, SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE - tik->size); /* Update output pointers. */ if (out_raw_cert_chain) { *out_raw_cert_chain = raw_cert_chain; } else { free(raw_cert_chain); } if (out_raw_cert_chain_size) *out_raw_cert_chain_size = raw_cert_chain_size; return true; } static bool tikRetrieveTicketFromGameCardByRightsId(Ticket *dst, const FsRightsId *id) { if (!dst || !id) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } char tik_filename[0x30] = {0}; u64 tik_offset = 0, tik_size = 0; bool success = false; utilsGenerateHexString(tik_filename, sizeof(tik_filename), id->c, sizeof(id->c), false); strcat(tik_filename, ".tik"); /* Get ticket entry info. */ if (!gamecardGetHashFileSystemEntryInfoByName(HashFileSystemPartitionType_Secure, tik_filename, &tik_offset, &tik_size)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Error retrieving offset and size for \"%s\" entry in secure hash FS partition!", tik_filename); goto end; } /* Validate ticket size. */ if (tik_size < SIGNED_TIK_MIN_SIZE || tik_size > SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid size for \"%s\"! (0x%lX).", tik_filename, tik_size); goto end; } /* Read ticket data. */ if (!gamecardReadStorage(dst->data, tik_size, tik_offset)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to read \"%s\" data from the inserted gamecard!", tik_filename); goto end; } /* Get ticket type and size. */ if (!(success = tikGetTicketTypeAndSize(dst->data, tik_size, &(dst->type), &(dst->size)))) LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to determine ticket type and size!"); end: return success; } static bool tikRetrieveTicketFromEsSaveDataByRightsId(Ticket *dst, const FsRightsId *id) { if (!dst || !id) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } u8 titlekey_type = 0; save_ctx_t *save_ctx = NULL; u64 buf_size = (SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE * 0x100); u8 *buf = NULL; u64 ticket_offset = 0; bool success = false; /* Allocate memory to retrieve the ticket. */ if (!(buf = malloc(buf_size))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to allocate 0x%lX bytes block for temporary read buffer!", buf_size); goto end; } /* Get titlekey type. */ if (!tikGetTitleKeyTypeFromRightsId(id, &titlekey_type)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve ticket titlekey type!"); goto end; } /* Open ES common/personalized system savefile. */ if (!(save_ctx = save_open_savefile(titlekey_type == TikTitleKeyType_Common ? TIK_COMMON_SAVEFILE_PATH : TIK_PERSONALIZED_SAVEFILE_PATH, 0))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to open ES %s ticket system savefile!", g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Get ticket entry offset from ticket_list.bin. */ if (!tikGetTicketEntryOffsetFromTicketList(save_ctx, buf, buf_size, id, titlekey_type, &ticket_offset)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to find an entry with a matching Rights ID in \"%s\" from ES %s ticket system save!", TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Get ticket entry from ticket.bin. */ if (!tikRetrieveTicketEntryFromTicketBin(save_ctx, buf, buf_size, id, titlekey_type, ticket_offset)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to find a matching %s ticket entry for the provided Rights ID!", g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Get ticket type and size. */ if (!(success = tikGetTicketTypeAndSize(buf, SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE, &(dst->type), &(dst->size)))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to determine ticket type and size!"); goto end; } /* Copy ticket data. */ memcpy(dst->data, buf, dst->size); end: if (save_ctx) save_close_savefile(save_ctx); if (buf) free(buf); return success; } static bool tikFixTamperedCommonTicket(Ticket *tik) { TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; u32 sig_type = 0; bool dev_cert = false; TikSigRsa2048 *tik_data = NULL; u64 hash_area_size = 0; bool success = false; if (!tik || tik->key_generation > NcaKeyGeneration_Max || !(tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(tik->data))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } /* Get ticket signature type. Also determine if it's a development ticket. */ sig_type = signatureGetTypeFromSignedBlob(tik->data, false); dev_cert = (strstr(tik_common_block->issuer, TIK_DEV_CERT_ISSUER) != NULL); /* Return right away if we're not dealing with a common ticket or if the signature type doesn't match RSA-2048 + SHA-256. */ if (tik_common_block->titlekey_type != TikTitleKeyType_Common || sig_type != SignatureType_Rsa2048Sha256) { success = true; goto end; } /* Make sure we're dealing with a tampered ticket by verifying its signature. */ tik_data = (TikSigRsa2048*)tik->data; tik_common_block = &(tik_data->tik_common_block); hash_area_size = tikGetSignedTicketBlobHashAreaSize(tik->data); if (tikVerifyRsa2048Sha256Signature(tik_common_block, hash_area_size, tik_data->sig_block.signature)) { success = true; goto end; } LOG_MSG_DEBUG("Detected tampered common ticket!"); /* Nintendo didn't start putting the key generation value into the rights ID until HOS 3.0.1. */ /* Old custom tools used to wipe the key generation field and/or save its value into a different offset. */ /* We're gonna take care of that by setting the correct values where they need to go. */ memset(tik_data->sig_block.signature, 0xFF, sizeof(tik_data->sig_block.signature)); memset(tik_data->sig_block.padding, 0, sizeof(tik_data->sig_block.padding)); memset(tik_common_block->issuer, 0, sizeof(tik_common_block->issuer)); sprintf(tik_common_block->issuer, "Root-CA%08X-%s", dev_cert ? 4 : 3, TIK_COMMON_CERT_NAME); memset(tik_common_block->titlekey_block + 0x10, 0, sizeof(tik_common_block->titlekey_block) - 0x10); tik_common_block->format_version = TIK_FORMAT_VERSION; tik_common_block->titlekey_type = TikTitleKeyType_Common; tik_common_block->ticket_version = 0; tik_common_block->license_type = TikLicenseType_Permanent; tik_common_block->key_generation = tik->key_generation; tik_common_block->property_mask = TikPropertyMask_None; memset(tik_common_block->reserved, 0, sizeof(tik_common_block->reserved)); tik_common_block->ticket_id = 0; tik_common_block->device_id = 0; tik_common_block->account_id = 0; tik_common_block->sect_total_size = 0; tik_common_block->sect_hdr_offset = (u32)sizeof(TikSigRsa2048); tik_common_block->sect_hdr_count = 0; tik_common_block->sect_hdr_entry_size = 0; /* Update ticket size. */ tik->size = sizeof(TikSigRsa2048); /* Update return value. */ success = true; end: return success; } static bool tikVerifyRsa2048Sha256Signature(const TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block, u64 hash_area_size, const u8 *signature) { if (!tik_common_block || hash_area_size < sizeof(TikCommonBlock) || hash_area_size > (SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE - sizeof(SignatureBlockRsa2048)) || !signature) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } Certificate cert = {0}; const char *cert_name = (strrchr(tik_common_block->issuer, '-') + 1); const u8 *modulus = NULL, *public_exponent = NULL; /* Get certificate for the ticket signature issuer. */ if (!certRetrieveCertificateByName(&cert, cert_name)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to retrieve certificate for \"%s\".", cert_name); return false; } /* Get certificate modulus and public exponent. */ modulus = certGetPublicKeyFromCertificate(&cert); public_exponent = certGetPublicExponentFromCertificate(&cert); /* Validate the ticket signature. */ return rsa2048VerifySha256BasedPkcs1v15Signature(tik_common_block, hash_area_size, signature, modulus, public_exponent, CERT_RSA_PUB_EXP_SIZE); } static bool tikGetEncryptedTitleKey(Ticket *tik) { TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; if (!tik || !(tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(tik->data))) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } bool success = false; switch(tik_common_block->titlekey_type) { case TikTitleKeyType_Common: /* No console-specific crypto used. Copy encrypted titlekey right away. */ memcpy(tik->enc_titlekey, tik_common_block->titlekey_block, sizeof(tik->enc_titlekey)); success = true; break; case TikTitleKeyType_Personalized: /* The titlekey block is encrypted using RSA-OAEP with a console-specific RSA key. */ /* We have to perform a RSA-OAEP unwrap operation to get the encrypted titlekey. */ success = keysDecryptRsaOaepWrappedTitleKey(tik_common_block->titlekey_block, tik->enc_titlekey); break; default: LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid titlekey type value! (0x%02X).", tik_common_block->titlekey_type); break; } return success; } static bool tikGetDecryptedTitleKey(void *dst, const void *src, u8 key_generation) { if (!dst || !src) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } const u8 *ticket_common_key = NULL; ticket_common_key = keysGetTicketCommonKey(key_generation); if (!ticket_common_key) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve ticket common key for key generation 0x%02X!", key_generation); return false; } aes128EcbCrypt(dst, src, ticket_common_key, false); return true; } static bool tikGetTitleKeyTypeFromRightsId(const FsRightsId *id, u8 *out) { if (!id || !out) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } u32 count = 0; FsRightsId *rights_ids = NULL; bool found = false; for(u8 i = TikTitleKeyType_Common; i < TikTitleKeyType_Count; i++) { /* Get all rights IDs for the current titlekey type. */ if (!tikRetrieveRightsIdsByTitleKeyType(&rights_ids, &count, i == TikTitleKeyType_Personalized)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve %s rights IDs!", g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[i]); continue; } /* Look for the provided rights ID. */ for(u32 j = 0; j < count; j++) { if (!memcmp(rights_ids[j].c, id->c, sizeof(id->c))) { *out = i; found = true; break; } } if (rights_ids) free(rights_ids); if (found) break; } return found; } static bool tikRetrieveRightsIdsByTitleKeyType(FsRightsId **out, u32 *out_count, bool personalized) { if (!out || !out_count) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } Result rc = 0; u32 count = 0, ids_written = 0; FsRightsId *rights_ids = NULL; bool success = false; #if LOG_LEVEL <= LOG_LEVEL_ERROR u8 str_idx = (personalized ? TikTitleKeyType_Personalized : TikTitleKeyType_Common); #endif *out = NULL; *out_count = 0; /* Get ticket count for the provided titlekey type. */ rc = (personalized ? esCountPersonalizedTicket((s32*)&count) : esCountCommonTicket((s32*)&count)); if (R_FAILED(rc)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("esCount%c%sTicket failed! (0x%X).", toupper(g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx][0]), g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx] + 1, rc); goto end; } if (!count) { LOG_MSG_WARNING("No %s tickets available!", g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx]); success = true; goto end; } /* Allocate memory for our rights ID array. */ rights_ids = calloc(count, sizeof(FsRightsId)); if (!rights_ids) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to allocate memory for %s rights IDs!", g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx]); goto end; } /* Get rights IDs from all tickets that match the provided titlekey type. */ rc = (personalized ? esListPersonalizedTicket((s32*)&ids_written, rights_ids, (s32)count) : esListCommonTicket((s32*)&ids_written, rights_ids, (s32)count)); success = (R_SUCCEEDED(rc) && ids_written); if (!success) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("esList%c%sTicket failed! (0x%X). Wrote %u entries, expected %u entries.", toupper(g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx][0]), g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[str_idx] + 1, rc, ids_written, count); goto end; } /* Update output values. */ *out = rights_ids; *out_count = ids_written; end: if (!success && rights_ids) free(rights_ids); return success; } static bool tikGetTicketEntryOffsetFromTicketList(save_ctx_t *save_ctx, u8 *buf, u64 buf_size, const FsRightsId *id, u8 titlekey_type, u64 *out_offset) { if (!save_ctx || !buf || !buf_size || (buf_size % sizeof(TikListEntry)) != 0 || !id || titlekey_type >= TikTitleKeyType_Count || !out_offset) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } allocation_table_storage_ctx_t fat_storage = {0}; u64 ticket_list_bin_size = 0, br = 0, total_br = 0; u8 last_rights_id[0x10] = {0}; memset(last_rights_id, 0xFF, sizeof(last_rights_id)); bool last_entry_found = false, success = false; /* Get FAT storage info for the ticket_list.bin stored within the opened system savefile. */ if (!save_get_fat_storage_from_file_entry_by_path(save_ctx, TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH, &fat_storage, &ticket_list_bin_size)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to locate \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save!", TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Validate ticket_list.bin size. */ if (ticket_list_bin_size < sizeof(TikListEntry) || (ticket_list_bin_size % sizeof(TikListEntry)) != 0) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid size for \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save! (0x%lX).", TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type], ticket_list_bin_size); goto end; } /* Look for an entry matching our rights ID in ticket_list.bin. */ while(total_br < ticket_list_bin_size) { /* Update chunk size, if needed. */ if (buf_size > (ticket_list_bin_size - total_br)) buf_size = (ticket_list_bin_size - total_br); /* Read current chunk. */ if ((br = save_allocation_table_storage_read(&fat_storage, buf, total_br, buf_size)) != buf_size) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to read 0x%lX bytes chunk at offset 0x%lX from \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save!", buf_size, total_br, TIK_LIST_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); break; } /* Process individual ticket list entries. */ for(u64 i = 0; i < buf_size; i += sizeof(TikListEntry)) { if ((buf_size - i) < sizeof(TikListEntry)) break; u64 entry_offset = (total_br + i); TikListEntry *entry = (TikListEntry*)(buf + i); /* Check if we found the last entry. */ if (!memcmp(entry->rights_id.c, last_rights_id, sizeof(last_rights_id))) { last_entry_found = true; break; } /* Check if this is the entry we're looking for. */ if (!memcmp(entry->rights_id.c, id->c, sizeof(id->c))) { /* Jackpot. */ *out_offset = (entry_offset << 5); /* (entry_offset / sizeof(TikListEntry)) * SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE */ success = true; break; } } total_br += br; if (last_entry_found || success) break; } end: return success; } static bool tikRetrieveTicketEntryFromTicketBin(save_ctx_t *save_ctx, u8 *buf, u64 buf_size, const FsRightsId *id, u8 titlekey_type, u64 ticket_offset) { if (!save_ctx || !buf || buf_size < SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE || !id || titlekey_type >= TikTitleKeyType_Count || (ticket_offset % SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE) != 0) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } allocation_table_storage_ctx_t fat_storage = {0}; u64 ticket_bin_size = 0, br = 0; TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; bool is_volatile = false, success = false; /* Get FAT storage info for the ticket.bin stored within the opened system savefile. */ if (!save_get_fat_storage_from_file_entry_by_path(save_ctx, TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH, &fat_storage, &ticket_bin_size)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to locate \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save!", TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Validate ticket.bin size. */ if (ticket_bin_size < SIGNED_TIK_MIN_SIZE || (ticket_bin_size % SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE) != 0 || ticket_bin_size < (ticket_offset + SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid size for \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save! (0x%lX).", TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type], ticket_bin_size); goto end; } /* Read ticket data. */ if ((br = save_allocation_table_storage_read(&fat_storage, buf, ticket_offset, SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE)) != SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to read 0x%X-byte long ticket at offset 0x%lX from \"%s\" in ES %s ticket system save!", SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE, ticket_offset, TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH, \ g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Get ticket common block. */ tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(buf); /* Check if we're dealing with a volatile (encrypted) ticket. */ is_volatile = (!tik_common_block || strncmp(tik_common_block->issuer, "Root-", 5) != 0); if (is_volatile) { /* Attempt to decrypt the ticket. */ if (!tikDecryptVolatileTicket(buf, ticket_offset)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to decrypt volatile ticket at offset 0x%lX in \"%s\" from ES %s ticket system save!", ticket_offset, TIK_DB_STORAGE_PATH, g_tikTitleKeyTypeStrings[titlekey_type]); goto end; } /* Get ticket common block. */ tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(buf); } /* Check if the rights ID from the ticket common block matches the one we're looking for. */ if (!(success = (memcmp(tik_common_block->rights_id.c, id->c, sizeof(id->c)) == 0))) LOG_MSG_ERROR("Retrieved ticket doesn't hold a matching Rights ID!"); end: return success; } static bool tikDecryptVolatileTicket(u8 *buf, u64 ticket_offset) { if (!buf || (ticket_offset % SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE) != 0) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } Aes128CtrContext ctr_ctx = {0}; u8 null_ctr[AES_128_KEY_SIZE] = {0}, ctr[AES_128_KEY_SIZE] = {0}, dec_tik[SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE] = {0}; TikCommonBlock *tik_common_block = NULL; bool success = false; /* Don't proceed if HOS version isn't at least 9.0.0. */ if (!hosversionAtLeast(9, 0, 0)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to retrieve ES key entry for volatile tickets under HOS versions below 9.0.0!"); goto end; } /* Retrieve ES program memory. */ if (!memRetrieveFullProgramMemory(&g_esMemoryLocation)) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Failed to retrieve ES program memory!"); goto end; } /* Retrieve the CTR key/IV from ES program memory in order to decrypt this ticket. */ for(u64 i = 0; i < g_esMemoryLocation.data_size; i++) { if ((g_esMemoryLocation.data_size - i) < (sizeof(TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x) * 2)) break; /* Check if the key indexes are valid. idx2 should always be an odd number equal to idx + 1. */ TikEsCtrKeyPattern9x *pattern = (TikEsCtrKeyPattern9x*)(g_esMemoryLocation.data + i); if (pattern->idx2 != (pattern->idx1 + 1) || !(pattern->idx2 & 1)) continue; /* Check if the key is not null and if the CTR is. */ TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x *key_entry = (TikEsCtrKeyEntry9x*)pattern; if (!memcmp(key_entry->key, null_ctr, sizeof(null_ctr)) || memcmp(key_entry->ctr, null_ctr, sizeof(null_ctr)) != 0) continue; /* Check if we can decrypt the current ticket with this data. */ memset(&ctr_ctx, 0, sizeof(Aes128CtrContext)); aes128CtrInitializePartialCtr(ctr, key_entry->ctr, ticket_offset); aes128CtrContextCreate(&ctr_ctx, key_entry->key, ctr); aes128CtrCrypt(&ctr_ctx, dec_tik, buf, SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE); /* Check if we successfully decrypted this ticket. */ if ((tik_common_block = tikGetCommonBlockFromSignedTicketBlob(dec_tik)) != NULL && !strncmp(tik_common_block->issuer, "Root-", 5)) { memcpy(buf, dec_tik, SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE); success = true; break; } } if (!success) LOG_MSG_ERROR("Unable to find ES memory key entry!"); end: memFreeMemoryLocation(&g_esMemoryLocation); return success; } static bool tikGetTicketTypeAndSize(void *data, u64 data_size, u8 *out_type, u64 *out_size) { if (!data || data_size < SIGNED_TIK_MIN_SIZE || data_size > SIGNED_TIK_MAX_SIZE || !out_type || !out_size) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Invalid parameters!"); return false; } u32 sig_type = 0; u64 signed_ticket_size = 0; u8 type = TikType_None; bool success = false; /* Get signature type and signed ticket size. */ sig_type = signatureGetTypeFromSignedBlob(data, false); signed_ticket_size = tikGetSignedTicketBlobSize(data); if (!signatureIsValidType(sig_type) || signed_ticket_size < SIGNED_TIK_MIN_SIZE || signed_ticket_size > data_size) { LOG_MSG_ERROR("Input buffer doesn't hold a valid signed ticket!"); goto end; } /* Determine ticket type. */ switch(sig_type) { case SignatureType_Rsa4096Sha1: case SignatureType_Rsa4096Sha256: type = TikType_SigRsa4096; break; case SignatureType_Rsa2048Sha1: case SignatureType_Rsa2048Sha256: type = TikType_SigRsa2048; break; case SignatureType_Ecc480Sha1: case SignatureType_Ecc480Sha256: type = TikType_SigEcc480; break; case SignatureType_Hmac160Sha1: type = TikType_SigHmac160; break; default: break; } /* Update output. */ success = (type > TikType_None && type < TikType_Count); if (success) { *out_type = type; *out_size = signed_ticket_size; } end: return success; }